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Common methods for sorting and grouping lithium batteries

Battery sorting refers to selecting appropriate variables such as battery ohmic internal resistance, polarization internal resistance, open circuit voltage, rated capacity, charge and discharge efficiency, self-discharge rate, etc., and classifying batteries through sorting, and classifying batteries with good battery parameter consistency into the same category. It is mainly to improve the consistency of internal characteristics after battery grouping, so as to improve the efficiency of module use and extend its service life.

Battery sorting methods mainly include single factor method, multi-factor method, dynamic sorting method, etc.

Single factor sorting

Refers to selecting a certain parameter of the battery as the only sorting variable. The selected variables usually include the battery’s ohmic internal resistance, the battery’s polarization internal resistance, the battery’s charging cut-off voltage, the battery’s capacity, etc.

Multi-factor sorting

Refers to selecting multiple representative parameters of the battery as the battery’s sorting variables. Common sorting variables are similar to the single parameter sorting method, but usually more than two of them are selected.

Dynamic sorting

Refers to using certain values of the battery as sorting variables when the battery is in the charge and discharge state, such as dynamic DCIR, charge and discharge curves, and sorting the battery based on this. The relationship between the battery’s internal parameters and battery performance under the charge and discharge state is considered, and the change trend of the sorting variable during the battery’s charge and discharge process can be better reflected.

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